Hung 2014.
| Methods | RCT | |
| Participants | Recruited from an outpatient rehabilitation setting in Taiwan 30 participants: 15 intervention group, 15 control group Inclusion criteria: stroke with resulting hemiplegia ≥ 6 months prior to enrolment. Aged > 18 years and had a Berg Balance Scale score < 56. Able to understand verbal instructions and watch a television screen satisfactorily. Able to walk independently with or without a device for 10 m Exclusion criteria: bilateral lesions, receptive aphasis, significant visual field deficits or hemineglect and concomitant other neurological diagnoses or conditions that would prevent adherence to the exercise protocol Mean (SD) age: intervention group 55.38 (9.95) years, control group 53.40 (10.03) years 60% men Stroke details: 53% ischaemic, 37% right hemiparesis Timing post stroke: intervention group mean (SD) 21 (11.26) months, control group 15.93 (8.02) months |
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| Interventions | VR intervention: Nintendo Wii Fit. 7 games (Table tilt, Ski Slalom, Soccer, Balance Bubble, Penguin Slide, Basic Step and Warrior) were selected. At each session the therapist supervised 2‐4 games for participants according to their ability, needs and favourites. A walker was placed in front of the balance board for safety. Control intervention: weight shift and balance exercises Sessions were twice/week for 12 weeks and were run by an occupational therapist |
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| Outcomes | Outcomes assessed post intervention and at 3 months' follow‐up Tetrax Interactive Balance Systems Timed Up and Go Test Forward Reach Test Falls Efficacy Scale International Adverse events |
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| Notes | — | |
| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Low risk | Random number table |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Low risk | Sequentially numbered, opaque, sealed envelopes |
| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Blinded to allocation |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Low attrition with clear rationale. Used data of actual number contributing |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Unclear risk | No study protocol or trial registration reported |