Lee 2015a.
| Methods | RCT | |
| Participants | Recruited from a hospital in Seoul 24 participants: 12 intervention, 12 control Inclusion criteria: stroke of > 6 months duration; a score of > 24 points on the MMSE‐K; ability to walk a distance of 10 m with or without an auxiliary device; no history of orthopedic conditions involving the lower limbs; ability to follow instructions and perform the exercise programs; and no visual or hearing impairment Exclusion criteria: failure to meet above criteria Mean (SD) age: intervention group 45.91 (12.28) years control group 49.16 (12.85) years 66% men |
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| Interventions | VR intervention: Wii and Wii Balance Board provided by Nintendo (Kyoto, Japan) and the Wii Fit Plus software were used. The VR‐based program was selected depending on the participants' interests and motivation, and the levels of difficulty were decided based on information provided in previous studies regarding suitable levels for balance improvement. The program consisted of: (1) sitting posture, (2) the knee bend and the other leg knee extend, (3) tightrope walking, (4) penguin teeter‐totter seesaw, (5) balance skiing, (6) rolling marble board, and (7) balance Wii Control intervention: the duration of the task‐oriented training program was 30 min. Each task took 3 min to perform, and a 1‐min break was provided between tasks. Each of the warm‐up and cooldown phases lasted for 2 min. The level of difficulty and frequency for each task were gradually increased during the 6 weeks with the participants’ consent, starting with 3 sets (12 times/set) All the participants also received general exercise therapy for 60 min/d, 5 d/week for 6 weeks. They participated in the VR‐based training program or task‐oriented training for an additional 30 min/d, 3 d/week for 6 weeks. |
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| Outcomes | Measured outcomes post intervention Balance: Functional reach test |
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| Notes | — | |
| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Not reported |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Not reported |
| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Not reported |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Not reported |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Unclear risk | Not reported |