Schneiderman‐Walker 2000.

Methods	Design: single‐centre, parallel RCT, 3‐year duration. Inclusion criteria: participants with CF aged 7 ‐ 19 years with an FEV1 > 40% predicted. Exclusion criteria: not specified.
Participants	65 participants with CF; 2 groups similar at baseline. 7 dropouts. Group demographics Exercise group (n = 30): mean (SD) age 13.4 (3.9 years). Control group (n = 35): mean (SD) age 13.3 (3.6) years.
Interventions	Long‐term aerobic study. Group 1: minimum of 20 min aerobic activity plus 5 min warm up and cool down 3 times per week. Group 2: maintained regular activity (control).
Outcomes	Included in this study were: FVC; FEV1; FEF25‐75; PEFR; TV; VO2 peak; VCO₂; peak exercise heart rate; peak exercise VE; VE peak/MVV; RER; blood pressure; % of ideal weight for height; compliance and sense of well‐being; feasibility of exercise; hospital stays and number of days in hospital; chest X‐ray; and Schwachman scores.
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Computer‐generated randomisation sequence.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not discussed.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not possible to blind participants to intervention. Unclear whether personnel blinded.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Pulmonary function assessors were blinded to group assignment (primary outcome measure).
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Clear description and details about 7 dropouts were recorded. Intention‐to‐treat analysis was reported to yield similar results for pulmonary function. Results were only reported for 65 participants who completed the 2‐year follow up.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	All outcome detailed in methods were reported in results. Data reported for all time points.
Other bias	Unclear risk	Groups similar at baseline. Stated the inclusion criteria but not the exclusion criteria. Described statistical methods used in analysis.