| Methods | RCT |
| Participants | BCG‐treated patients (N = 17), control patients (N = 17) |
| Interventions | Experiment group: bacillus Calmette‐Guérin (BCG) + surgery Control group: surgery |
| Outcomes | 5‐year and median survival |
| Notes | Full text is unobtainable and full details of trial results were unavailable from the authors |
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