Comparison 20. Incidence of mild to moderate adverse events: perineural versus intravenous dexamethasone.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Overall incidence of block‐related adverse events	5	406	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.20 [0.93, 1.55]
2 Numbness/tingling 14 days after surgery	3	232	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.97 [0.27, 3.49]
3 Residual motor block/weakness at 24 hours	3	248	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.22 [0.62, 2.37]
4 Horner syndrome	2	197	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.2 [0.77, 1.87]
5 Hoarsness	2	197	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.0 [0.48, 2.09]
6 Cranial nerve 12 motor palsy	1	81	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.31 [0.01, 7.39]
7 Overall incidence of non block‐related adverse events	5	316	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.34 [0.37, 4.78]
8 Postoperative nausea and vomiting	5	312	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.63 [0.22, 1.80]
9 Dermatologicial symptoms (pruritus/rash)	1	79	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	4.42 [0.22, 89.18]
10 Syncope/fainting	1	79	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	4.42 [0.22, 89.18]
11 Dizziness	2	178	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.41 [0.06, 2.72]
12 Wrist, hand or finger pain	1	79	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.29 [0.01, 7.02]
13 Headache, 10‐pound fluid gain/diarrhoea/frequent urination/ muscle soreness	1	79	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	2.65 [0.11, 63.16]