Characteristic	Schober 2001	Tunbridge 1989	Zinman 1999	Rossetti 2003	Vague 2003
Intervention 1 (I1) / intervention 2 (I2) / control 1 (C1)	I1: Glargine + HI C1: NPH + HI	I1: Ultralente + HI C1: Lente + HI	I1: Ultralente + Lispro C1: NPH + Lispro	I1: Glargine dinnertime + Lispro I2: Glargine bedtime + Lispro C: NPH + Lispro	I1: Detemir + Aspart C: NPH + Aspart
[n] (I1/ I2 / C1 / total)	174/175/349	66/66/66	87/91/178	17/17/17/54	301/146/447
Sex (male) [n,%]	?	37, 56%	41, 47% / 35, 38*	9, 52% / 8, 47% / 10, 58%	162, 53% / 74, 50.7%
Age [years] mean (SD)	11.8 (2) / 11.5 (2)	38 (range 18‐62)	35 (1) / 35 (1)	32 (3) / 31.3 (3.4) / 34 (3.1)	38.9 (13.3) / 41.8 (14.2)
Ethnic groups [%]	?	?	?	?	?
Duration of disease [years] mean (SD)	?	14 (range 3‐30)	13.6 (0.8) / 16.1 (1.1)	13.1 (1.9) / 12.9 (2.3) / 14.8 (2.3)	17.1 (9.9) / 17.4 (11)
Body mass index [kg/m2] mean (SD) Weight [kg] mean (SD)	18.8 (2) / 18.9 ( 2)	25.3 (range 18.6‐33.4) Kg: 73.0 (range 45.6‐99.0)	25 (1) / 25 (1) Kg: 74 (1) / 75 (1)	23.1 (0.8) / 22.9 (1) / 23.2 (0.9)	24.5 (3.2) / 24.6 (3.4) Kg: 71.5 (11.9) / 71.2 (11.5)
Pharmaco‐naive patients [n,%]	0 / 0	0 / 0	0 / 0	0/0/0	0/0/0
HbA1c [%] mean (SD)	? (all <12%)	9.0 (range 6.6‐11.4)	8.2 (0.1) / 8.2 (0.1)	6.9 (0.1) / 6.8 (0.2) / 7 (0.2)	8.18 (1.14) / 8.11 (1.12)
Fasting blood glucose	?	?	?	?	?
Fasting plasma glucose	?	?	?	?	11.6 (5.21) / 11.6 (5.27)
Basal insulin dose (IU/day)	?	?	?	?	27.4 (12.5) / 25.2 (13.7)
Bolus insulin dose (IU/day)	?	?	?	?	30.9 (15.5) / 29.6 (15.8)
Clinically different baseline characteristics (Y/N)	N	NA	NA	N	N
Notes	letter publication	crossover trial
Symbols & abbreviations: Y = yes; N = no; ? = unclear I = intervention; C = control