Clonazepam 1999, CHN.

Study characteristics
Methods	Allocation: randomised. Blinding: double blind. Design: not stated. Duration: 24 hours. Setting: inpatients, Chinese hospital.
Participants	Diagnosis: schizophrenia (n = 19), mood disorder (n = 19), schizoaffective psychosis (n = 6), epileptic mental disorder (n = 1), alcohol‐induced psychosis (n = 1) from Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders (CCMD‐2‐R). n = 46. Age: mean 32 years. Gender: 32 men, 14 women. Ethnicity: not stated. Consent: not stated. History: not stated. Inclusion criteria: aggressive people with mental illness. Exclusion criteria: not stated.
Interventions	Benzodiazepines vs antipsychotics. 1. Clonazepam 2 mg IM (n = 22). 2. Haloperidol 10 mg IM (n = 24).
Outcomes	Behaviour: mean endpoint (OAS). Mental state: mean endpoint score (BPRS). Adverse effects/events: EPS, tremor, high heart rate.
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	"Subject randomised" ‐ no further description.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not stated.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not stated. Rating scales: unclear who administered the rating scales.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Follow‐up: 100%.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	All measured outcomes were reported.
Other bias	Unclear risk	Funding: not stated. Unsure whether there was potential bias.