Brodie 2007.

Methods	Randomised, double‐blind, parallel‐group trial conducted at 85 centres in 12 European countries and in South Africa 2 treatment arms: CBZ (controlled release) and LEV
Participants	Adults (> 16 years) with 2 partial or generalised tonic–clonic seizures separated by at least 48 h in the previous year with at least one seizure in the last 3 months Number randomised: CBZ = 291, LEV = 288 319 male participants (55%) 466 participants with partial epilepsy (80%) Mean age (range): 39 (15‐82 years)
Interventions	Monotherapy with CBZ or LEV Titration for 2 weeks to target dose of CBZ = 400 mg/d, LEV = 1000 mg/d Range of follow‐up = 0‐28 months
Outcomes	Proportion of per‐protocol (PP) participants achieving at least 6 months of seizure freedom at the last evaluated dose One year seizure‐freedom rate 6‐month and 1‐year seizure‐freedom rate by dose level Time to trial withdrawal Incidence of adverse events
Notes	IPD provided for all outcomes of this review by trial sponsor UCB
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Participants were randomised following a central 1:1 randomisation scheme with a statistical block size of 2 and stratified by seizure category
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	Participants were randomised using an interactive voice‐response system
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	To ensure blinding, LEV and CBZ‐CR tablets were identically encapsulated.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	No information provided
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Attrition rates reported, ITT approach, all randomised participants analysed from IPD provided (see footnote 2)
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	All outcomes reported or calculated with IPD provided (see footnote 2)
Other bias	Low risk	None identified