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. 2012 Dec 12;2012(12):CD007459. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007459.pub2

Comparison 1. Health outcomes.

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
1 Diabetes ‐ Glycaemic control (HbA1c) 2 88 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.15 [‐0.77, 0.47]
2 Health outcomes, other (dichotomous measures) 2   Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) Subtotals only
2.1 Diabetes ‐ Complications: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) 1 59 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.56 [0.10, 3.12]
2.2 Diabetes ‐ Complications: Severe hypoglycaemia 1 59 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.21 [0.03, 1.78]
2.3 Hypertension ‐ Blood pressure not under control (no of cases)) 1 67 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.73 [0.41, 1.29]
3 Health outcomes, other (continuous measures, health outcomes improve with declining mean) 3   Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) Subtotals only
3.1 Diabetes ‐ Body weight (BMI SDS) 1 59 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.08 [‐0.35, 0.51]
3.2 Hypertension ‐ Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) 1 67 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.10 [‐4.37, 6.57]
3.3 Hypertension ‐ Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) 1 67 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.84 [‐2.14, 5.82]
3.4 Hypertension ‐ Body weight (in kgs) 1 67 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐2.76 [‐8.17, 2.65]
3.5 Asthma ‐ PEF variability (%) 1 16 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐11.12 [‐19.56, ‐2.68]
3.6 Asthma ‐ Symptoms 1 64 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.36 [‐0.56, ‐0.17]
4 Health outcomes, other (continuous measures, health outcomes improve with increasing mean) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) Subtotals only
4.1 Asthma ‐ Pulmonary function test (FEV1) 1 16 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 3.00 [‐15.91, 21.91]
4.2 Asthma ‐ Forced vital capacity (%) 1 16 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.37 [‐16.33, 13.59]