Bailey 2011.

Methods	Randomised controlled trial (parallel design)
Participants	Setting: field and laboratory; UK n = 38 healthy young men (18 in the antioxidant group and 20 in the placebo group); mean age 22 (SD 1) years Inclusion/exclusion criteria All participants were non‐smokers and habitually active in a variety of sports but were unfamiliar with the specific exercise protocol involved in the study
Interventions	Intervention Mixed antioxidant supplement. 400 mg vitamin C, 268 mg vitamin E, 2 mg vitamin B6, 200 µg vitamin B9, 5 µg zinc sulphate, 1 µg vitamin B12 capsules 1 capsule daily Placebo Lactose capsules Duration 6 weeks
Outcomes	PRIMARY Delayed onset muscle soreness using a visual analogue scale 1 to 10 with anchor terms ranging from 1 being "not sore" to 10 being "very very sore" SECONDARY Peak isometric torque of knee flexors Range of motion at the knee
Exercise type	90‐minute intermittent shuttle running
Sources of funding	The study received financial support from Unilever R&D
Notes	—
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Randomised using a computer generator
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	Identical capsules ingested twice daily with meals
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Double‐blind
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Double‐blind
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	All participants completed the study
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	High risk	No published protocol available All outcomes reported at all time points Adverse effects of antioxidant supplementation were not reported
Other bias	Unclear risk	No details on whether participants were asked to refrain from using other supplements or anti‐inflammatory medication