Connolly 2006.

Methods	Randomised controlled trial (parallel design)
Participants	Setting: 2006, USA n = 24 healthy college males and females mean age 22 (SD 4) years Inclusion/exclusion criteria Without upper extremity injury, or previous known history of injury. Potential participants who indicated arm discomfort during any baseline assessments were excluded. Participants who reported habitually participating in a strenuous resistance‐training programme involving elbow flexors, or unusual upper extremity activity were also excluded.
Interventions	Intervention Vitamin C supplementation 1000 mg 3 times per day Placebo 3 x 50 mg per day of glucose Duration Supplements given 3 days before and 5 days after damaging exercise
Outcomes	PRIMARY Delayed onset muscle soreness assessed at the quadriceps by a 0 to 10 visual analogue scale where 0 is "no discomfort whatsoever" and 10 is "indicated extreme pain and discomfort" SECONDARY Maximal isometric strength Muscle tenderness scores were assessed using a standard manual muscle myometer. Measurements were made just proximal to the distal tendon of the biceps. Force was applied via the probe through a 1 cm diameter head until the participant indicated pain or discomfort.
Exercise type	40 maximal eccentric contractions of the elbow flexors (2 x 20)
Sources of funding	None
Notes	Authors were contacted on 30 October 2013 to request data for delayed onset muscle soreness and maximal voluntary isometric contraction but did not respond
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Randomly assigned (no details specified in the manuscript) Authors have been contacted with no response (19 May 2016)
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No details specified in manuscript Authors have been contacted with no response (19 May 2016)
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Double‐blind
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Double‐blind
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	All participants completed the study
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	High risk	No published protocol available All outcomes reported at all time points Adverse effects of antioxidant supplementation were not reported
Other bias	Low risk	Participants were asked to refrain from using anti‐inflammatory medication and other supplements for the duration of the study as well as any form of therapeutic intervention such as massage and ice. Participants who were exposed to any form of resistance training were also excluded