Howatson 2009.

Methods	Randomised controlled trial (parallel design)
Participants	Setting: Field; UK n = 20 moderately trained male (13) and female (7) runners Mean age cherry juice group 37 (SD 13) years Mean age placebo group 38 (SD 5) years Inclusion/exclusion criteria 18 of the participants were accepted for, and completed, the 2008 London Marathon. All participants completed a health screening questionnaire and a written informed consent.
Interventions	Intervention Tart cherry juice blend; 2 x 8 fl oz bottles per day. One bottle of the juice contained the equivalent of 50 to 60 cherries and provided at least 600 mg phenolic compounds, expressed as gallic acid equivalents, 32 g of carbohydrate and at least 40 mg of anthocyanins. One bottle in the morning and one in the afternoon Placebo Fruit flavoured concentrate mixed with 8 fl oz of water Duration 5 days before and 2 days after
Outcomes	PRIMARY Delayed onset muscle soreness was determined using a 200 mm visual analogue scale where 0 is "no soreness" and 200 is "unbearably painful." The participant stood with the hands on hips and feet approximately shoulder width apart. The participant was then asked to squat down to 90 degrees (internal joint angle) rise to the start position and then indicate on the visual analogue scale the soreness felt in the lower limbs. SECONDARY Maximum voluntary isometric contraction of the non‐dominant knee extensors was determined using a strain gauge (MIE Medical Research Ltd, Leeds, UK). Participants were seated on a platform and the non‐dominant ankle was attached to the strain gauge at an internal joint angle of 80 degrees (verified by a goniometer). Participants were given 3 submaximal trials, each separated by 1 minute. Each contraction lasted approximately 3 seconds and all participants were given standardised verbal encouragement throughout.
Exercise type	Participants completed the 2008 London marathon. The environmental conditions on the day were barometric pressure: 758 mmHg; temperature: 7 degrees Celsius; wind speed: 4 km/h; relative humidity: 56%; there were intermittent showers throughout the day. 2 volunteers completed the marathon distance on similar terrain 14 days after the London Marathon
Sources of funding	The authors thanked Dr Marco Cardinale from the British Olympic Association for procuring technical support and St Mary's University College Scholarship and Research Support Fund for financial support of the project
Notes	—
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	High risk	Pseudo‐randomised based on predicted finishing time. "We also attempted to balance the number of male and female participants in each group to account for possible sex differences"
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No details in manuscript Authors were contacted via email on 27 May 2016 Author reply: "allocation was based on sex and predicted finish time. So randomised, but stratified. ABBA style and treatments were given in identical containers"
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	High risk	Not specified in manuscript Authors were contacted via email on 27 May 2016 Author reply: "Single blind"; thus the personnel were not blinded
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Blinded for participants
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	All the participants completed the study
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	High risk	No published protocol available All outcomes reported at all time points Adverse effects of antioxidant supplementation were not reported
Other bias	Low risk	Participants were asked to keep a food diary and to refrain from taking supplements or taking part in strenuous exercise other than the marathon