Hutchinson 2016.
Methods | Randomised controlled trial (parallel design) | |
Participants | Setting: laboratory; USA n = 16 college students (24 were originally recruited) Mean age blackcurrant group (n = 9, 7 female) 19.5 (SEM 0.3) years Mean age placebo group (n = 8, 6 female) 20.9 (SEM 0.9) years Inclusion/exclusion criteria Inclusion criteria included being untrained, moderately active, between the ages of 18 and 40 years. Exclusion criteria included a recent history of ankle, knee, hip or back pain that precluded squatting exercises, and the use of anti‐inflammatory or analgesic drugs that would reduce pain. |
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Interventions |
Intervention Commercially available blackcurrant nectar (CurrantC) was provided by CorpPharms (Staatsburg, NY). Each 16 oz bottle contained approximately 100 g of fruit, malvidin glucosides 193.25 mg, cyanidin glucosides 175.69 mg Placebo The placebo drink was produced by mixing black cherry Kool‐Aid powder (Kraft, Ryrerbrook, NY, USA) with water Duration 8 days |
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Outcomes |
Primary Muscle soreness was assessed during a full range squat with no external weight using a 0 to 10 scale where 0 is "no soreness" and 10 is "extreme discomfort" |
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Exercise type | Eccentric squatting session consisted of 3 sets of 10 repetitions of eccentric contractions using a bar weighted with 115% of the respective 1 repetition maximum | |
Sources of funding | None | |
Notes | — | |
Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Low risk | Independent 3rd party completed randomisation using random number generation in Excel |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Not indicated in the manuscript Authors contacted on 3 February 2017 but no response was received |
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Double‐blind; labels removed from bottles; neither personnel nor participants aware of contents |
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Double‐blind |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | High risk | 24 recruited, 16 completed the study (4 illness; 3 injury; 1 removed due to undertaking resistance training prior to study) |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | High risk | All outcomes reported at all time points Adverse effects of antioxidant supplementation were not reported |
Other bias | Low risk | Diet not standardised during the trial however participants advised to maintain normal diet and avoid anti‐inflammatory foods and drugs |