Fig. 3.

(A) Accessory gland size over the first 4 d after eclosion for males from experimentally-evolved monogamous and polygamous populations. Data points are mean (±SE) of three monogamous populations (blue triangles) and three polygamous populations (red circles), and lines indicate predictions from the fit model (n = 8–16 accessory glands per population and age combination). (B) The difference in expression of individual seminal fluid protein genes between males from monogamous and polygamous populations (log₂ monogamy–log₂ polygamy) at 48 and 96 h post eclosion. Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals, and green circles indicate genes that are significantly different between monogamy and polygamy at 10% FDR (27 genes at 48 h, 0 genes at 96 h).