Table 1. Plantarflexion torque, muscle architecture and Achilles tendon (AT) stiffness in the training group and the control group measured before (pre) and after (post) the training intervention.
| Training group | Control group | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre | Post | Pre | Post | |
| Torque [N m]b | 172 ± 50 | 198 ± 51c | 170 ± 51 | 180 ± 62 |
| Lf GM [mm] | 89.2 ± 13.3 | 90.7 ± 16.1 | 84.2 ± 16.1 | 84.0 ± 10.4 |
| PA GM [°] | 18.1 ± 1.8 | 19.0 ± 2.0c | 18.4 ± 1.1 | 18.3 ± 1.7 |
| Thickness GM [mm]b | 23.7 ± 3.5 | 25.0 ± 3.8c | 23.1 ± 3.8 | 23.5 ± 3.6 |
| AT stiffness [N mm-1]a,b | 397 ± 146 | 459 ± 147c | 399 ± 193 | 400 ± 212 |
| AT strain [mm] | 4.4 ± 1.1 | 4.1 ± 0.5 | 4.0 ± 1.5 | 3.9 ± 1.5 |
Notes.
Values are means ± sd.
- GM
- gastrocnemius medialis
- SOL
- soleus
- Lf
- length of fascicle
- PA
- pennation angle
a
P < 0.05 interaction effect.
b
P < 0.05 main effect of time.
c
P < 0.05 comparing pre- and post-intervention test (Werkhausen et al., 2018).