Table 1.
Subjects’ characteristics
| COPD (n = 24) | Controls (n = 18) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 60.9 ± 5.3 | 58.4 ± 6.5 | 0.16 |
| Gender (males%) | 54% | 33% | 0.18 |
| Smoker (ever/never) | 23/1 | 9/9 | < 0.01 |
| Smoker (current/ex/never) | 9/14/1 | 8/1/9 | < 0.01 |
| Cigarette pack years | 33.9 ± 18.2 | 11.4 ± 15.2 | < 0.01 |
| Number of frequent exacerbators | 12 | NA | NA |
| FEV1 (l) | 1.43 ± 0.67 | 2.81 ± 0.67 | < 0.01 |
| FEV1 (% pred.) | 47.8 ± 22.4 | 101 ± 19.9 | < 0.01 |
| FVC (l) | 2.7 ± 0.83 | 3.6 ± 0.9 | < 0.01 |
| FVC (% pred.) | 69.7 ± 23.3 | 107.6 ± 18.2 | < 0.01 |
| FEV1/FVC (%) | 51.9 ± 12.7 | 78.2 ± 3.9 | < 0.01 |
| RV (l) | 4.2 ± 1.6 | 2.2 ± 0.8 | < 0.01 |
| TLC (l) | 7.3 ± 1.8 | 5.9 ± 1.6 | 0.018 |
| RV/TLC (%) | 57.3 ± 11.9 | 36.7 ± 8.4 | < 0.01 |
| Raw (kPa*s/l) | 0.48 ± 0.2 | 0.28 ± 0.1 | < 0.01 |
| pO2 (mmHg) | 65.1 ± 7.4 | 76.8 ± 8.1 | < 0.01 |
| pCO2 (mmHg) | 41.1 ± 4.7 | 38.9 ± 2.7 | 0.13 |
| CAT | 18.5 ± 7.2 | 7.8 ± 2.7 | < 0.01 |
| mMRC | 1.8 ± 0.8 | 0.2 ± 0.4 | < 0.01 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 5.4 ± 0.8 | 5.1 ± 0.8 | 0.42 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/l) | 1.3 ± 1.0 | 1.9 ± 1.5 | 0.18 |
| HDL-C (mmol/l) | 1.7 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.25 | 0.04 |
| LDL-C (mmol/l) | 2.9 ± 1.0 | 3.0 ± 0.5 | 0.67 |
| hsCRP (mg/l) | 2.50 /0.50–7.80/ | 1.65 /0.5–4.9/ | 0.14 |
| IL-6 (pg/ml) | 4.29 /2.61–13.63/ | 3.47 /1.65–5.75/ | 0.03 |
| suPAR (ng/ml) | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 2.4 ± 0.6 | 0.03 |
| ED-1 (fmol/ml) | 1.3/0.0–10.1/ | 0.8/0.0–6.1/ | 0.18 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median/range/or percentage. Significant differences are highlighted in bold
COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in 1 s, FVC forced vital capacity, RV residual volume, TLC total lung capacity, Raw airway resistance, CAT COPD Assessment Test, mMRC Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hsCRP high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, IL-6 interleukin-6, suPAR soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor, ED-1 endothelin-1