Table 2.
Changes in hematological parameters and inflammatory cytokines during malarial infection.
| Parameter | Normal range | Healthy controls | P. vivax | P. falciparum | Mixed | P valuea (between groups) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pv Vs Pf | Pv Vs Mixed | Pf Vs Mixed | ||||||
| Parasitemia (%) | 0.3 ± 0.49 | 0.8 ± 1.15 | 0.6±0.75 | < 0.001 | < 0.0001 | 0.5957 | ||
| RBC | 4.0-6.0 X 103/μl | 5.0 ± 0.73 | 4.7 ±0.92 | 3.7 ± 0.91 | 4.8 ±1.98 | 0.0011 | 0.5994 | 0.0485 |
| Hemoglobin | Males: 14-18; Females: 12-16 g/dl | 12.5 ± 1.26 | 11.5 ± 2.86 | 10.1 ± 2.93 | 10.7 ±3.22 | 0.0003 | 0.0699 | 0.0383 |
| Platelets | 100 - 400 x103/μl | 210 ± 57.2 | 108.2 ± 55.3 | 92 ± 45.1 | 101 ±75.3 | 0.0095 | 0.7869 | 0.036 |
| MPV | 6.5-12.0 fL | 9.4 ± 1.03 | 10.3 ± 1.63 | 10.2 ±1.36 | 10.5 ±1.56 | 0.7358 | 0.0216 | 0.0218 |
| PDW | 9.0 - 17.0 % | 14.7 ± 3.79 | 14.9 ± 0.89 | 14.7 ±1.23 | 15.0 ±1.19 | 0.6861 | 0.479 | 0.3722 |
| PCT | 0.108 - 0.282 % | 0.2±0.06 | 0.1±0.05 | 0.1±0.05 | 0.1±0.06 | 0.9063 | 0.1112 | 0.1761 |
| TNF-α (pg/ml) | 67.0±29.5 | 251.8±101.2 | 259.9±144.0 | 236.7±190.2 | 0.1402 | 0.2536 | 0.8992 | |
| IL-6 (pg/ml) | 88.1±54.8 | 227.4±63.9 | 280.2±44.4 | 292.9±94.2 | 0.0013 | 0.0038 | 0.7219 | |
| IL-10 (pg/ml) | 136.0±66.2 | 634.9±83.1 | 671.2±68.6 | 688.4±43.2 | 0.6299 | 0.1061 | 0.3904 | |
Data represented as mean ± SD; comparison of two groups by Mann-Whitney U Test; aP value > 0.05 was considered to be significant. RBC: Red blood cells, MPV: Mean platelet volume, PDW: Platelet distribution width, PCT: plateletcrit, TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor- alpha, IL-6: interleukin-6, IL-10: interleukin-10.