Table 1.

Subject demographics and baseline characteristics by group

Factor	FE+RTP (N = 16)	VE+RTP (N = 16)	EDU+RTP (N = 8)
Age (years)	51 ± 12	60 ± 14	58 ± 12
Male	12 (75%)	10 (62%)	7 (88%)
Race
African American	8 (50%)	3 (19%)	4 (50%)
Asian	1 (6%)	1 (6%)	0 (0%)
Other	2 (12%)	0 (0%)	1 (12%)
White	5 (31%)	12 (75%)	3 (38%)
Hispanic Ethnicity	1 (6%)	0 (0%)	1 (12%)
Months since stroke	12 [7, 16]	16 [11, 32]	17 [12, 35]
Baseline Fugl Meyer	37 ± 8	33 ± 11	33 ± 9
Assessment score

EDU, education; FE, forced exercise; RTP, repetitive task practice; VE, voluntary exercise Summary statistics presented as mean ± standard deviation (normally distributed characteristics), median [first quartile, third quartile] (characteristics with skewed data), or N (%) (categorical data). T-tests were used for normally distributed variables, while Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used for skewed data.

^*There was no significant difference between groups (p>0.05)