Table 1. Stages of anaesthesia and recovery in a clove oil and lidocaine-HCl test performed on the river puffer, Takifugu obscurus and tiger puffer, T. rubripes^*.

Stage	Characteristic behavior
Anaesthesia
A1	Normal swimming; operculum movement and normal general movement
A2	Swimming speed slowed; rolling from side to side
A3	Partial loss of equilibrium; swimming erratically
A4	Complete loss of equilibrium; swimming perfectly inside-out; pectoral fin, pelvic fin and dorsal fin movement stop
A5	Little sedation; anal fin and tail fin movement stop
A6	Perfect sedation; only operculum movement
A7	Operculum movement ceased
Recovery
R1	Resume operculum movement
R2	Preferential movement of pectoral fin and tail fin
R3	Dorsal fin, pelvic fin, and anal fin movement
R4	Swimming perfectly inside-out
R5	Swimming erratically; redressing the balance
R6	Normal swimming; responsiveness to visual stimuli

^*Modified from Summerfelt & Smith (1990) and Woolsey et al. (2004).