Adhikari 2007.
Methods | Quasi‐randomised controlled trial. Women were allotted consecutively into Group A or B in the second stage when quote: “delivery imminent.” Participants were not blinded. | |
Participants | Women presenting for delivery at the Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital in Nepal over a 1‐year period in 2004. All women with parity < 5, singleton live pregnancy at or above 37 weeks, cephalic, with spontaneous onset of labour and spontaneous vaginal delivery without complicating factors were included. Women with the following were excluded: parity > 4, multiple gestation, < 37 weeks, women with “complicating factors” (not specified). Women were excluded if they had an instrumental or caesarean delivery, precipitous labour or lack of postpartum blood sample. |
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Interventions | Immediately after delivery participants received: A. oxytocin 10 IU IM (n = 100) or B. methylergometrine 0.2 mg IM (n = 100) All received early cord clamping, cord traction, and uterine massage. |
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Outcomes | Mean decrease in Hb/Hct measurements between admission in labour and 24 hours postpartum, incidence of PPH (defined as peripartum fall in Hct of 10%), need for additional uterotonics, need for exploration and uterine evacuation, blood transfusion, nausea, vomiting, headache, retained placenta (need for manual removal), rise in blood pressure (systolic > 15 mmHg and diastolic > 10 mmHg) | |
Notes | Dates of study: 2004 Funding sources: not reported Declarations of interest: not reported |
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Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | High risk | Quasi‐randomisation, quote:“women were allotted consecutively into two groups at the second stage of labour…if the first woman was enrolled into Group A then the next would be in Group B and so on.” |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | High risk | Alternation of assignment into Group A and B: quote: “women were allotted consecutively into two groups at the second stage of labour…if the first woman was enrolled into Group A then the next would be in Group B and so on.” |
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | High risk | Not blinded. |
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | High risk | Not blinded. |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | High risk | Women were excluded after randomisation, however the authors do not clarify how many were lost from each group and how this attrition was addressed. |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Unclear risk | Insufficient information to assess. |
Other bias | Unclear risk | Unclear. |