Table 1.
Etiology of neonatal seizures in term newborns at the University Children’s Hospital of Toulouse from 2004 to 2014
| Death | Epilepsy | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vascular | 156 (64%) | HIE | 91 (37%) | HIE II | 63 (26%) | 37 (41%) | 7 (13%) |
| HIE III | 28 (11%) | ||||||
| Ischemic infarction | 36 (15%) | 3 (9%) | |||||
| Intracranial hemorrhage | 29 (12%) | 3 (9%) | |||||
| Infectious | 19 (22%) | Bacterial meningitis | 16 (7%) | Streptococcus | 11 (5%) | 4 (21%) | 1 (7%) |
| E Coli | 4 (2%) | ||||||
| Unknown | 1 (0,5%) | ||||||
| Viral meningoencephalitis | 3 (1%) | HSV | 2 (1%) | ||||
| Enterovirus | 1 (0,5%) | ||||||
| Metabolic | 14 (6%) | Metabolic or electrolytic disorders | 9 (4%) | Hypoglycemia | 4 (2%) | 1 (11%) | |
| Hypernatremia | 3 (1%) | ||||||
| Hypocalcemia | 2 (1%) | ||||||
| Inborn errors of metabolism | 5 (2%) | Citrullinemia | 1 (0,5%) | 4 (57%) | 2 (67%) | ||
| Peroxisomal disease | 3 (1%) | ||||||
| Unknown | 1 (0,5%) | ||||||
| Malformation | 11 (5%) | TORCH syndromes | 2 (1%) | 4 (33%) | 6 (75%) | ||
| Neurocutaneous syndromes | 2 (1%) | Sturge-Weber syndrome | 1 (0,5%) | ||||
| Tuberous sclerosis | 1 (0,5%) | ||||||
| Gyration abnormalities | 7 (3%) | ||||||
| Epileptic Syndromes | 27 (11%) | Benign | 17 (7%) | Benign familial neonatal convulsions | 7 (3%) | 1 (6%) | |
| Benign idiopathic neonatal convulsions | 10 (4%) | ||||||
| Severe | 10 (4%) | Early myoclonic encephalopathy | 2 (1%) | 4 (40%) | 6 (100%) | ||
| Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy | 6 (3%) | ||||||
| Others | 2 (1%) | ||||||
| Unknown | 16 (7%) | 1 (8%) | |||||
| Total | 243 | 53 (22%) | 31 (16%) | ||||
HIE hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, E coli Escherichia coli, HSV Herpes Simplex Virus, TORCH Toxoplasmosis, Other Agents, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, and Herpes simplex