Table 2. Observed Outcomes for the Intervention vs Standard Nurse Home Visitation Groups.
| Baseline | 6 moa | 12 moa | 18 moa | 24 moa | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Standard Program | Intervention | Standard Program | Intervention | Standard Program | Intervention | Standard Program | Intervention | Standard Program | |
| All participants, No. | 229 | 263 | 192 | 225 | 183 | 223 | 181 | 219 | 197 | 224 |
| Primary Outcome | ||||||||||
| WHOQOL-BREF, No.b | 227 | 258 | 190 | 225 | 180 | 223 | 180 | 218 | 197 | 224 |
| Mean (SD) | 299.5 (54.4) |
293.6 (56.4) |
315.7 (52.7) |
310.2 (55.8) |
315.4 (58.7) |
310.7 (58.1) |
313.7 (50.5) |
316.2 (56.6) |
308.2 (52.6) |
316.4 (57.5) |
| Secondary Outcomes, No./No. (%)c | ||||||||||
| IPV (CAS)d | 43/224 (19.2) |
49/259 (18.9) |
30/176 (17.0) |
35/196 (17.9) |
28/166 (16.9) |
22/204 (10.8) |
18/157 (11.5) |
16/194 (8.2) |
19/167 (11.8) |
16/199 (8.0) |
| PTSD (SPAN)e | 62/221 (28.1) |
64/247 (25.9) |
23/163 (14.1) |
20/194 (10.3) |
20/144 (13.9) |
32/192 (16.7) |
17/136 (12.5) |
25/162 (15.4) |
21/113 (18.8) |
25/169 (14.8) |
| Depression (PHQ-9)f | 48/228 (21.1) |
56/263 (21.3) |
21/191 (11.0) |
23/224 (10.3) |
22/183 (12.0) |
25/221 (11.3) |
18/181 (9.9) |
28/219 (12.8) |
24/197 (12.2) |
29/223 (13.0) |
| Alcohol problem (TWEAK)g | 46/227 (20.3) |
48/263 (18.3) |
19/183 (10.4) |
33/222 (14.9) |
30/197 (15.2) |
22/223 (9.9) |
||||
| Drug problem (DAST)h | 51/226 (22.6) |
65/263 (24.7) |
11/183 (6.0) |
17/221 (7.7) |
17/197 (8.6) |
12/223 (5.4) |
||||
| SF-12 | ||||||||||
| Mental health, No.i | 226 | 259 | 186 | 221 | 177 | 221 | 179 | 217 | 195 | 222 |
| Mean (SD) | 48.8 (10.6) |
49.1 (10.9) |
49.7 (11.2) |
51.1 (10.4) |
50.8 (10.4) |
49.9 (10.9) |
49.8 (9.7) |
51.1 (10.7) |
50.0 (10.0) |
50.9 (9.6) |
| Physical health, No.i | 226 | 259 | 186 | 221 | 177 | 221 | 179 | 217 | 195 | 222 |
| Mean (SD) | 46.4 (8.5) |
46.9 (8.2) |
52.8 (7.5) |
52.5 (7.0) |
52.5 (7.9) |
53.2 (6.9) |
52.3 (7.9) |
52.6 (7.7) |
52.3 (7.7) |
52.5 (8.3) |
Abbreviations: CAS, Composite Abuse Scale; DAST, Drug Abuse Severity Test; IPV, intimate partner violence; PHD-9, Patient Health Questionnaire 9; PTSD, posttraumatic stress disorder; SF-12, 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey; SPAN, Startle, Physiological Arousal, Anger, and Numbness; TWEAK, Tolerance/WorryAbout Drinking/Eye-Opener/Amnesia/C[K]ut down on drinking; WHOQOL-BREF, World Health Organization Quality of Life–BREF.
Assessment occasions for each participant, rather than actual timing of assessment.
Range, 0-400; higher score indicates better quality of life. A score of 300 is a value similar in magnitude to the average score observed in the general population of young women based on combined individual domain scores.
No. of participants with a “yes” response on binary measures/No. of participants with a response.
Range, 0-150; 7 or higher considered “yes” for presence of IPV.
Range, 0-16; 5 or higher considered “yes” for presence of PTSD.
Range, 0-27; 10 or higher considered “yes” for presence of moderate depression.
Range, 0-7; 2 or higher considered “yes” for presence of alcohol problem; assessed at 12-month intervals.
Range, 0-2; 1 or higher considered “yes” for presence of drug problem; assessed at 12-month intervals.
Range, 0-100; scales positively scored. Scores were computed by multiplying each indicator variable by its respective regression weight (physical or mental health), and aggregated score was transformed with mean of 50 and SD of 10 in the general US population.