Table 3.
Cardiovascular effects Tumorigenic effects Others peripheral effects |
• Increased risk of myocardial infarctiona
,
b
,
c
• Increased risk of bladder cancer in patients on long‐term therapy with synthetic PPAR agonistsc , d • Haemangioma and renal pelvic tumoursd • PPAR agonist induced peripheral oedema formation via fluid retentione , f • Increased liver toxicityg • Inhibition of gastrointestinal motilityh • Inhibition of human aortic smooth‐muscle contraction associated with PPARα activationi |