Table 3. Associations of Fetal and Infant Growth With Childhood Adiposity Fat From Conditional Analyses.
| Infant and Fetal Weight Standard Deviation Scores | Standard Deviation Scores, Regression Coefficients (95% CI)a | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Visceral Fat Index (n = 2731) | Liver Fat Fraction (n = 3058) | Pericardial Fat Index (n = 2839) | |
| At 20 wk (n = 2729) | −0.02 (−0.07 to 0.04) | 0.03 (−0.02 to 0.08) | 0.01 (−0.05 to 0.06) |
| At 30 wk (n = 2676) | −0.01 (−0.07 to 0.04) | −0.06 (−0.11 to −0.01) | 0.07 (0.01 to 0.12) |
| At birth (n = 2676) | −0.01 (−0.06 to 0.05) | −0.02 (−0.07 to 0.03) | 0.06 (0.01 to 0.12) |
| At 6 mo (n = 2212) | 0.07 (0.01 to 0.12) | 0.06 (0.01 to 0.11) | 0.04 (−0.02 to 0.09) |
| At 12 mo (n = 1912) | 0.07 (0.02 to 0.12) | 0.07 (0.02 to 0.12) | 0.01 (−0.05 to 0.06) |
| At 24 mo (n = 1539) | 0.05 (−0.001 to 0.10) | 0.06 (0.01 to 0.11) | −0.004 (−0.06 to 0.05) |
a
Regression coefficients are linear regression coefficients from conditional analyses based on standard deviation scores of natural log–transformed outcome measures. Models are adjusted for family-based sociodemographic factors (maternal age and educational level), maternal lifestyle-related factors (prepregnancy body mass index, smoking during pregnancy, folic acid use during pregnancy, and parity), and childhood factors (age at visit, sex, race/ethnicity, and breastfeeding).