Table 1:
Baseline characteristics of the Cardiovascular Health Study cohort without clinical cardiovascular disease.
| Total N=3623 | Women N=2320 | Men N= 1303 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic Characteristics | |||||||
| Age (years) | 75.7±5.3 | 74.5±5.2 | 75.0±5.5 | ||||
| Black race (%) | 17.0 | 16.9 | 17.0 | ||||
| Smoker (%) | |||||||
| Current | 10.1 | 9.8 | 10.5 | ||||
| Former | 41.9 | 31.9 | 59.6 | ||||
| Never | 48.0 | 58.3 | 30.0 | ||||
| Self-reported good health (%) | 83.3 | 82.5 | 84.8 | ||||
| Fall 6-months prior to baseline (%) Difficulty with activities of daily living (%) |
15% 8.9 |
18% 10.3 |
9.6% 6.3 |
||||
| Physical activity (%) | |||||||
| None / little | 22.9 | 26.2 | 17.0 | ||||
| Moderate | 53.4 | 55.6 | 49.5 | ||||
| Strenuous | 23.7 | 18.2 | 33.5 | ||||
| Education >12 years (%) | 45.7 | 43.6 | 49.5 | ||||
| Alcohol (drinks per week) (%) | |||||||
| None | 55.0 | 59.9 | 46.1 | ||||
| 1–7 | 33.9 | 32.6 | 36.2 | ||||
| >7 | 11.1 | 7.4 | 17.7 | ||||
| Health Characteristics | |||||||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 136.7±20.9 | 136.8±21.0 | 136.4±20.8 | ||||
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 72.0±11.2 | 70.9±11.1 | 74.0±11.1 | ||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.8±4.7 | 27.0±5.2 | 26.6±3.8 | ||||
| Mean eGFRcyst (ml/minute/1.73m2) | 75.1±18.4 | 76.5±18.5 | 72.7±17.8 | ||||
| eGFRcyst <60 ml/minute/1.73m2 (%) | 20.4 | 20.1 | 20.9 | ||||
| Modified Mini Mental State Exam score | 90.4±7.2 | 90.7±9.7 | 89.7±9.7 | ||||
| Diabetes (%) | 13.3 | 11.8 | 16.0 | ||||
| Medication Use (%) | |||||||
| Steroids | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | ||||
| Loop diuretics | 3.7 | 4.3 | 2.6 | ||||
| Thiazides | 16.8 | 19.0 | 12.7 | ||||
| Beta blockers | 8.7 | 8.9 | 8.2 | ||||
| Laboratory Data (mean ± std dev) | |||||||
| Fasting glucose (mg/dl) | 106.6±34.1 | 105.2±33.7 | 109.1±34.8 | ||||
| Fasting insulin (IU/ml) | 12.8±16.2 | 12.8±15.5 | 12.9±17.4 | ||||
| LDL cholesterol mg/dl) | 127.3±33.5 | 130.8±33.9 | 121.3±32.0 | ||||
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 54.9±14.6 | 58.7±14.7 | 48.2±11.7 | ||||
| Log2CRP (mg/L) | 1.3±1.6 | 1.4±1.6 | 1.2±1.6 | ||||
| Measures of Subclinical CVD | |||||||
| Ankle brachial index (ABI) (mean, SD) (continuous) | 1.1±0.2 | 1.1±0.2 | 1.1±0.2 | ||||
| Peripheral artery disease (ABI <0.9) (dichotomous) % | 9.1 | 8.5 | 10.0 | ||||
| Aortic wall thickness (AWT) mm (continuous) | 2.3±1.05 | 2.2±0.75 | 2.5±1.5 | ||||
| Carotid artery disease (dichotomous) (%) | 48.6 | 45.3 | 54.4 | ||||
| Standardized carotid artery disease (continuous) | −0.11±0.77 | −0.22±0.74 | 0.08±0.8 |