Table 2 –

Hazard ratios for hip fracture associated with subclinical vascular disease in the absence of clinical cardiovascular disease.

	N	Fx	All			Men			Women
			HR	95%CI	P	HR	95%CI	P	HR	95%CI	P
ABI *	3313	445
Model 0			0.58	(0.29,1.15)	0.12	0.54	(0.16,1.87)	0.33	0.60	(0.26,1.36)	0.22
Model 1			0.74	(0.37,1.49)	0.40	0.76	(0.21,2.73)	0.68	0.75	(0.32,1.73)	0.50
Model 2			0.95	(0.46,1.99)	0.90	0.88	(0.23,3.35)	0.85	1.05	(0.43,2.52)	0.92
CD **	3383	455
Model 0			1.23	(1.09,1.40)	<0.001	1.16	(0.91,1.48)	0.24	1.25	(1.08,1.45)	0.002
Model 1			1.16	(1.02,1.31)	0.03	1.08	(0.85,1.39)	0.52	1.18	(1.01,1.37)	0.04
Model 2			1.18	(1.03,1.35)	0.01	1.04	(0.80,1.35)	0.76	1.23	(1.05,1.43)	0.01
AWT ***	3261	444
Model 0 Thickness			0.96	(0.90,1.03)	0.28	0.98	(0.88,1.09)	0.66	0.96	(0.88,1.04)	0.30
Model 1			0.96	(0.89,1.03)	0.21	0.98	(0.86,1.09)	0.65	0.94	(0.86,1.03)	0.20
Model 2			0.97	(0.90,1.04)	0.37	0.96	(0.86,1.08)	0.51	0.97	(0.88,1.06)	0.44

The hazards ratios for hip fractures are per unit increase in the predictor:

^*Per 1 unit increase in the ratio (index) of the ankle to brachial blood pressures.

^**Per one average standard deviation increase of IMT – i.e., standard deviations away from the mean IMT variable.

^***Per 1mm increase in both walls of the aorta.

ABI – ankle brachial index; CD – carotid artery disease; AWT – aortic wall thickness; N – number at risk; Fx – number of hip fractures

Model 0 – age, sex and race;

Model 1 – Model 0 + current smoking + alcohol (0 ref, 1–7, >7 drinks);

Model 2 – Model 1 + weight (kg) + diabetes+ hypertension+ eGFR cystatin + estrogen (females) + history of falling in the year before baseline