Figure 4.

Complement depletion. During malaria infection, systemic complement activation occurs due to deposition on both infected and uninfected RBCs. This results in reduced concentrations of circulating C3 and C5 and generation of anaphylatoxins (C3a and C5a). The consequences that may impact PMN function are 2‐fold; (1) a reduction in C3 available for deposition on extracellular NTS leading to opsonization and migration and/or (2) excessive C5a reducing CD88 (C5aR) on neutrophils leading to reduced ROS and cytokine production. Additional work is needed to clarify the impact of complement activation and subsequent depletion during malaria on risk to NTS bacteremia