Table 1.
Reported Symptom | With DD | Without DD | Sensitivity (95% CI) | Specificity (95% CI) | PPV (95% CI) | NPV (95% CI) | +LR (95% CI) | -LR (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Urge to defecate | 76/87 | 68/76 | 87.4 (78.8–92.8) | 10.5 (5.4–19.4) | 52.8 (44.7–60.8) | 42.1 (23.1–63.7) | 0.98 (0.87–1.09) | 1.2 (0.51–2.83) |
Need to strain | 71/87 | 56/76 | 81.6 (72.2–88.4) | 26.3 (17.7–37.2) | 55.9 (47.2–64.2) | 55.6 (39.6–79.5) | 1.11 (0.94–1.31) | 0.7 (0.39–1.25) |
Need to strain when urge | 56/86 | 41/74 | 65.1 (54.6–74.3) | 44.6 (33.8–55.9) | 57.7 (47.8–67.1) | 52.4 (40.3–64.2) | 1.18 (0.91–1.52) | 0.78 (0.53–1.15) |
Need to strain with soft stool | 41/85 | 23/75 | 48.2 (37.9–58.7) | 69.3 (58.2–78.6) | 64.1 (51.8–74.7) | 54.2 (44.2–63.8) | 1.57 (1.05–2.36) | 0.75 (0.58–0.96) |
Sense of incomplete evacuation | 79/87 | 61/75 | 90.8 (82.9–95.3) | 18.7 (11.5–28.9) | 56.4 (48.2–64.4) | 63.6 (43–80.3) | 1.12 (0.98–1.27) | 0.49 (0.22–1.11) |
Sense of blockage | 72/86 | 55/76 | 83.7 (74.5–90) | 27.6 (18.8–38.6) | 56.7 (48–65) | 60 (43.6–74.4) | 1.16 (0.98–1.37) | 0.59 (0.32–1.08) |
Need to use digital manipulation for defecation | 37/87 | 33/76 | 42.5 (32.7–53) | 56.6 (45.4–67.1) | 52.9 (41.3–64.1) | 46.2 (36.5–56.3) | 0.98 (0.69–1.4) | 1.02 (0.78–1.33) |