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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 May 20.
Published in final edited form as: Free Radic Biol Med. 2019 Mar 26;136:12–21. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.03.026

Figure 8. Summary of Asc effects on BLM activation and ATM-dependent signaling.

Figure 8.

Asc accelerates the formation of DSBs by BLM via high rates of Fe(III) reduction and the formation of the DNA-breaking hydroperoxide from the intermediate peroxide form. The speed of the latter reaction is important to minimize the release of free superoxide that can activate ATM via a DSB-independent mechanism. Asc further decreases the levels of O2•− through its direct scavenging. Inhibition of O2•− production in Asc-restored cells makes activation of ATM by BLM more completely dependent on the presence of DSBs.