Table 1.

Common Theories of Attentional Capture: Summary, Predictions, and Recommended Readings

	Bottom-Up Models	Top-Down Models	Suppression Models
Summary	Certain types of salient stimulus features automatically capture visual attention	Attention is controlled by goals and experience — salience is irrelevant	Physically salient features attempt to drive visual attention, but can be suppressed to prevent attentional capture
Real-World Predictions	Rampant distraction by physically salient objects	Failure to notice seemingly salient warning signals (“tunnel vision”)	People can rapidly learn to ignore salient signals
Recommended Readings	[1,2]	[3–5]	[8,11,12,34]