Table 4.
Physical function variables at baseline and changes with intervention by study group
| Diet only (n=15) |
Diet + Vest (n=18) |
P-between groups | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4-m gait speed (m/sec) | 0.98 ± 0.11 | 0.98 ± 0.13 | |
| Post | 1.06 ± 0.12 | 1.09 ± 0.10 | |
| Change | 0.08 ± 0.10* | 0.11 ± 0.10† | 0.383 |
| Chair rise time (sec) | 11.8 ± 2.23 | 12.8 ± 2.49 | |
| Post | 11.4 ± 2.05 | 12.4 ± 2.24 | |
| Change | −0.37 ±1.16 | −0.47 ± 1.81 | 0.523 |
| ExSPPB (score, 0–4) | 2.21 ± 0.37 | 2.28 ± 0.38 | |
| Post | 2.37 ± 0.26 | 2.38 ± 0.41 | |
| Change | 0.15 ± 0.16* | 0.10 ± 0.34 | 0.633 |
| Stair climb time (sec) | 7.94 ± 2.60 | 8.23 ± 3.11 | |
| Post | 7.90 ± 1.68 | 7.20 ± 1.34 | |
| Change | −0.04 ± 2.22 | −1.03 ± 2.87 | 0.151 |
| 400-m walk time (sec) | 318.5 ± 31.5 | 335.3 ± 37.1 | |
| Post | 319.7 ± 34.9 | 341.9 ± 43.9 | |
| Change | 1.27 ± 16.7 | 6.67 ± 55.0 | 0.294 |
| Leg Power in W (right) | 114.0 ± 43.2 | 128.0 ± 45.3 | |
| Post | 102.6 ± 37.9 | 130.5 ± 39.6 | |
| Change | −11.4 ± 20.9* | 2.5 ± 29.8 | 0.022 |
| Leg Power in W (left) | 114.1 ± 44.1 | 133.5 ± 58.0 | |
| Post | 104.9 ± 45.1 | 132.7 ± 49.4 | |
| Change | −9.2 ± 15.2* | −0.78 ± 22.1 | 0.007 |
| Leg Strength in Nm (right) | 84.7 ± 36.9 | 91.4 ± 28.1 | |
| Post | 79.3 ± 30.4 | 89.2 ± 24.5 | |
| Change | −5.1 ± 12.7 | −2.1 ± 15.5 | 0.287 |
| Leg Strength in Nm (left) | 80.7 ± 30.2 | 104.8 ± 35.4 | |
| Post | 78.6 ± 27.4 | 99.5 ± 31.5 | |
| Change | −2.2 ± 10.7 | −5.3 ± 12.1 | 0.590 |
All values are mean ± SD;ExSPPB, expanded short physical performance battery; Nm, Newton meters; W, Watts; Compared to baseline within each group using paired t-test:
*
P<0.05;
†
P<0.0001; Between-group differences on the change values were analyzed with an ANCOVA, adjusted for age, gender, race and baseline value.