Fig. 4.

Effects of Papaver nudicaule extract NW90 on the NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways. a, d RAW264.7 cells transfected with the NF-κB-Luc or pSTAT3-Luc were treated with NW90 extract (250 and 500 μg/ml) and LPS (100 ng/ml). Luciferase activities were measured in cell lysates at 3 (a) or 24 (d) hours after the treatment. Data are presented as mean ± SD from at least three independent experiments in triplicate. b, e Expression and phosphorylation of p65, IκBα and STAT3 were analyzed by western blotting in the treated RAW264.7 cells as indicated. β-actin was used as an internal control. c, f Quantification of p65, p-p65, IκBα, p-IκBα, STAT3, and p-STAT3 expression with normalization to the β-actin protein levels were analyzed by densitometry analysis of every band using the ImageJ software. Data are presented as mean ± SD from at least three independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001 indicate statistically significant differences compared with the group treated with LPS alone