Table 1.

Participant sampling frame and operational definitions used to guide workshop recruitment

Participant group	Operational definition	Target (n)	Additional characteristics
Consumer/carer representativesa	Works with or represents others with a particular health interest or conditionb [2] (e.g. people on health service advisory groups, consumer researchers and peer support workers) [63]	15	Across the participants groups, we sought to include people with the following backgrounds or diversity of experiences:  • Indigenous  • Culturally and linguistically diverse  • Geographic location  • Age  • Health settings (i.e. community vs. acute care)  • Health conditions
Health professionals or health service managers	Has a specific role or interest in health communication and participation (with or without a clinical role), across a mix of professional backgrounds (i.e. doctor, nurse, allied health professional, quality manager or health charity)	10
Health policy-makers or researchers	Has a specific role in policy or in funding research or services in health communication and participation	5

^aWe described consumers and carers as separate groups to reflect Australian norms [9] and in light of their potentially different views and perspectives on healthcare provision

^bWe used this definition of ‘consumer and carer representatives’ to ensure we included people who could bring the perspectives and experiences of others, not solely their own lived experience