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. 2019 Apr 29;7:14. doi: 10.1186/s40462-019-0158-4

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — Geometrical derivation of the Potential Path Volume (PPV). a The Potential Path Area (PPA) is a projection of the Space-Time Prism onto the two-dimensional movement space and can be generated by tracing the outline of all possible paths between the two movement points P_i and P_i + 1. b The Potential Path Volume (PPV) is a generalisation of PPA into a three-dimensional movement space and generated in a similar manner by tracing the outline of all possible paths between the two movement points