Table 4.
Summary of findings table
| Summary of findings | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population: HF patients | ||||||
| Intervention: sauna bath | ||||||
| Control: no sauna bath | ||||||
| Mean difference | 95% CI | No. of participants (sauna/control) | Heterogeneity | Quality of evidence (modified GRADE) supporting the intervention | Comments | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcomes | ||||||
| SBP | ‐2.58 | ‐5.86 to 0.70 | 275/216 | I 2 = 42% | 2 Low |
Moderate risk for bias −1, imprecision −1 |
| DBP | −1.42 | −3.89 to 1.05 | 199/143 | I 2 = 27% | 2 Low |
Moderate risk for bias −1, imprecision −1 |
| LVEDD | −1.07 | −2.20 to 0.07 | 228/169 | I 2 = 58% | 1 Insufficient |
Moderate risk for bias −1, heterogeneity −1, imprecision −1 |
| EF | 1.45 | 0.55 to 2.35 | 275/226 | I 2 = 0% | 3 Moderate |
Moderate risk for bias −1 |
| LAD | −0.32 | −1.51 to 0.88 | 228/169 | I 2 = 25% | 2 Low |
Moderate risk for bias −1, imprecision −1 |
| BNP | −124.62 | −198.09 to −51.14 | 160/136 | I 2 = 37% | 3 Moderate |
Moderate risk for bias −1 |
| CTR | −1.82 | −2.54 to −1.09 | 275/216 | I 2 = 31% | 3 Moderate |
Moderate risk for bias −1 |
Abbreviations: HF, heart failure; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; LVEDD, left‐ventricular end‐diastolic diameter; EF, left‐ventricular ejection fraction; LAD, left atrial diameter; BNP, b‐type natriuretic peptide; CTR, cardiothoracic ratio.