Table 2.

Independent MACE and all‐cause mortality risk predictors in patients with and without atrial fibrillation undergoing cardiac rehabilitation—a multivariate cox model regression

Variable	Atrial fibrillation n. 304			No atrial fibrillation n. 1873
	HR	95.0% CI	P value	HR	95.0% CI	P value
High baseline fitness	0.41	0.24‐0.70	<0.001	0.67	0.53‐0.85	<0.001
Improvementa	0.83	0.69‐0.98	0.04	0.58	0.46‐0.72	<0.001
Age > 75 years	1.29	0.81‐2.05	0.28	1.50	1.13‐1.98	0.005
Men	1.1	0.65‐1.86	0.73	1.05	0.78‐1.39	0.738
Ischemic heart disease	1.04	0.64‐1.71	0.87	1.03	0.77‐1.38	0.827
Congestive heart failure	1.22	0.77‐1.91	0.4	2.06	1.54‐2.75	<0.001
Prior cerebrovascular accident	0.85	0.42‐1.71	0.64	1.23	0.82‐1.85	0.310
Hypertension	1.13	0.70‐1.83	0.62	1.18	0.93‐1.51	0.170
Dyslipidemia	0.63	0.40‐1.01	0.05	0.76	0.60‐0.96	0.022
Diabetes mellitus	1.45	0.93‐2.29	0.11	1.40	1.10‐1.78	0.006
Renal impairmentb	1.66	1.01‐2.73	0.05	1.50	1.04‐2.16	0.029
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	1.54	0.72‐3.27	0.27	1.20	0.60‐2.38	0.612

^aImprovement is ({[predicted METs 2—predicted METS1]/predicted METs 1} * 100) > 5.

^bEstimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m², based on the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease study equation.