Table 3.
Comorbidities
| Outcome | OR/HR (95% CI) | P Value | Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hypertension | High blood pressure is an independent risk factor for initial failure of ECV | OR: 1.73 (1.22–1.91) | 0.015 | Berry et al9 |
| DM | DM is an independent risk factor reducing the likelihood of maintenance of SR after successful ECV | OR: 0.34 (0.14–0.84) | 0.01 | Soran et al12 |
| DM shown to be a risk factor with multivariate analysis for failure of cardioversion within 30 days of ECV | OR: 1.36 (1.07–1.72) | 0.01 | Grönberg et al8 | |
| COPD | COPD absence as independent predictor of SR at follow‐up | OR: 0.23 (0.13–0.41) | 0.003 | Pisters et al4 |
| OSA | Higher recurrence risk after 1‐year follow‐up after catheter ablation and ECV in patients with OSA; appropriate treatment shows lower recurrence rate (without treatment vs treatment vs control) | OR: 3.04 (1.45–6.36) | 0.003 | Mazza et al31 |
| Inappropriately treated vs treated vs no OSA | 82% vs 42% vs 53%, respectively | 0.013 (treated group), 0.009 (control group) | Kanagala et al32 | |
| Renal impairment | Recurrence rates rise with the severity of renal impairment compared with patients with normal renal function: eGFR <60 mL/min vs >60 mL/min vs <30 mL/min | HR: 0.97 (0.95–0.99) | 0.004 | Schmidt et al33 |
| Multivariate analysis for failure of cardioversion within 30 days of ECV | OR: 1.65 (1.09–2.50) | 0.02 | Grönberg et al8 | |
| Hyperthyroidism | Patients with hyperthyroid‐induced persistent AF had a much lower AF recurrence rate compared with those with AF of nonthyroid origins after ECV (83% vs 59% after 1‐year follow‐up) | HR: 0.64 (0.39–0.97) | 0.04 | Siu et al35 |
Abbreviations: AF, atrial fibrillation; CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; ECV, electrical cardioversion; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HR, hazard ratio; OR, odds ratio; OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; SR, sinus rhythm.