Table 1.

Society guidelines for anticoagulation in AF by CKD stage

CKD stage	AHA/ACC/HRS	ESC	CCS
Mild to moderate Stages 2‐3 (eGFR 30‐90 mL/min/1.73 m2)	Warfarin (class 1, LOE A) DOACs (class 1, LOE B) with dose adjustment for moderate CKD (class Iib, LOE C)	DOACs recommended in general (mild to moderate CKD not mentioned)	DOACs recommended in general (mild to moderate CKD not mentioned)
Severe Stage 4 (eGFR 15‐29 mL/min/1.73 m2)	Warfarin recommended, DOACs may be considered (class Iib, LOE C)	Anticoagulation may safely be given (specific drugs not mentioned)	Warfarin recommended
End stage renal disease Stage 5 (eGFR <15 mL/min/1.73 m2 or on hemodialysis)	Warfarin recommended (class IIa, LOE B), recommend against dabigatran and rivaroxaban (class III, LOE C)	No specific recommendation given	Cannot recommend routine anticoagulation for dialysis patients due to lack of data

Abbreviations: ACC, American College of Cardiology; AF, atrial fibrillation; AHA, American Heart Associated; CCS, Canadian Cardiovascular Society; CKD, chronic kidney disease; DOAC, direct oral anticoagulant; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ESC, European Society of Cardiology; HRS, Heart Rhythm Society; LOE, level of evidence.