Figure 1.

Schematic overview of miRNA biogenesis and function miRNAs are transcribed into primary transcripts (pri‐miRNA) from genomic DNA by RNA polymerase. PrimiRNAs are cleaved in the nucleus by Drosha to generate miRNA precursor (pre‐miRNAs), then exported in the cytoplasm by Exportin‐5and further cleaved by Dicer to produce a ~22nt double‐stranded RNA duplex: miRNA/miRNA*. One strand of the duplex, the mature miRNA can associate to the RNA‐induced silencing complex (RISC) complex and guide translational repression of target mRNAs, whereas the other strand is usually degraded