Table 1:
More Common | Choledocholithiasis |
Alcoholism | |
Post endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography | |
Drugs | |
Abdominal trauma | |
Less Common | Malignancy/tumor |
Hypertriglyceremia | |
Hyperparathyroidism | |
Hypercalcemia | |
Viral infection (e.g., mumps, Coxsackie B, Hantavirus) | |
Developmental abnormalities (e.g., pancreas divisum, annular pancreas) | |
Toxins (e.g., scorpion or snake bite) |