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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Apr 30.
Published in final edited form as: Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2016 Jun 1;32:255–278. doi: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-111315-125407

Figure 1. TFEB/TFE3 respond to different types of cellular stress.

Figure 1.

Under normal conditions mTORC1 phosphorylates TFEB/TFE3, thus promoting their cytosolic retention. Following starvation (1), mTORC1 inactivation together with activation of specific phosphatases such as calcineurin, lead to TFEB/TFE3 nuclear translocation. TFEB/TFE3 activation is also observed in response to ER stress (2), mitochondrial damage (3), and pathogen infection (4). The proteins implicated in TFEB/TFE3 activation under different stress conditions are represented in blue.