Table 1.
Characteristics of Seven Staging Systems for HCC
| Staging System | Hepatic Function | Performance Status | Tumor Variables |
|---|---|---|---|
| BCLC | CTP | Yes | Size, number of nodules and portal vein thrombosis |
| CLIP | CTP | Yes | Number of nodules, tumor greater or less than 50% of liver, portal vein thrombosis, and AFP |
| CUPI | Bilirubin, ascites, alkaline phosphatase | Presence of symptoms | TNM and AFP |
| GRETCH | Bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase | Yes | Portal vein thrombosis and AFP |
| JIS | CTP | No | TNM |
| Okuda | Albumin, ascites, and bilirubin | No | Tumor greater or less than 50% of liver |
| TNM | No | No | Number of nodules, tumor size, presence of portal vein thrombosis, presence of metastasis |
Abbreviations: CLIP, Cancer of the Liver Italian Program; CUPI, Chinese University Prognostic Index; JIS, Japan Integrated Staging; AFP, alpha‐fetoprotein.