Table 1.
Patient characteristics at baseline according to extent of coronary artery disease
| 0, n = 2192 | 1, n = 650 | 2, n = 397 | 3, n = 205 | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 82.6 ± 7.4 | 84.0 ± 6.4 | 82.8 ± 7.0 | 82.6 ± 7.1 | <0.001 |
| Male | 881 (40) | 315 (48) | 223 (56) | 124 (60) | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m² | 25.9 ± 5.3 | 25.6 ± 4.6 | 25.9 ± 4.64.6 | 26.1 ± 4.4 | 0.488 |
| Tobacco | 70 (3) | 17 (3) | 15 (4) | 13 (6) | 0.067 |
| Hypertension | 1452 (66) | 478 (73) | 275 (69) | 151 (74) | 0.001 |
| Diabetes | 472 (21) | 175 (27) | 112 (28) | 71 (35) | <0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 821 (37) | 325 (50) | 213 (54) | 123 (60) | <0.001 |
| Logistic EuroSCORE | 19.3 ± 12.8 | 20.7 ± 13.0 | 21.5 ± 13.3 | 21.9 ± 13.5 | <0.001 |
| NYHA functional class III or IV | 1675 (77) | 501 (77) | 317 (80) | 152 (75) | 0.468 |
| Previous myocardial infarction | 97 (4) | 115 (18) | 100 (25) | 52 (25) | <0.001 |
| Previous balloon aortic valvuloplasty | 351 (16) | 108 (17) | 104 (26) | 46 (22) | <0.001 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 217 (10) | 68 (10) | 41 (10) | 26 (13) | 0.649 |
| Aortic abdominal aneurysm | 69 (3) | 30 (5) | 22 (5) | 21 (10) | <0.001 |
| Peripheral artery disease | 305 (14) | 120 (18) | 92 (23) | 67 (33) | <0.001 |
| COPD | 557 (25) | 159 (24) | 90 (23) | 39 (19) | 0.166 |
| Dialysis | 57 (3) | 21 (3) | 10 (2) | 7 (3) | 0.763 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 607 (28) | 155 (24) | 80 (21) | 53 (26) | 0.010 |
| Permanent pacemaker | 312 (14) | 93 (14) | 58 (15) | 25 (12) | 0.853 |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 426 (19) | 97 (15) | 61 (15) | 27 (13) | 0.009 |
| Extensively calcified aorta | 154 (7) | 39 (6) | 37 (9) | 36 (18) | <0.001 |
| Prior chest‐wall irradiation | 142 (6) | 38 (6) | 32 (8) | 7 (3) | 0.154 |
| Chest wall deformity | 59 (3) | 14 (2) | 12 (3) | 1 (1) | 0.211 |
| Previous AVR surgery | 40 (2) | 2 (<1) | 4 (1) | 1 (<1) | 0.016 |
| Device | 0.229 | ||||
| Balloon expandable | 1423 (65) | 447 (69) | 270 (68) | 134 (65) | |
| Medtronic CoreValve | 765 (35) | 201 (31) | 126 (32) | 71 (35) | |
| Significant stenosis | |||||
| LMCA | — | — | 47 (12) | 24 (49) | <0.001 |
| LAD | — | 319 (49) | 300 (76) | 189 (92) | <0.001 |
| LCX | — | 122 (19) | 233 (59) | 233 (87) | <0.001 |
| RCA | — | 209 (32) | 214 (54) | 205 (100) | <0.001 |
| Echocardiographic findings | |||||
| Aortic valve area, cm² | 0.66 ± 0.18 | 0.68 ± 0.19 | 0.68 ± 0.18 | 0.68 ± 0.18 | 0.122 |
| Mean aortic valve gradient, mm Hg | 50.2 ± 17.1 | 47.3 ± 15.6 | 46.1 ± 16.1 | 45.2 ± 15.2 | <0.001 |
| LVEF, % | 54.8 ± 14.0 | 53.6 ± 14.1 | 50.6 ± 15.2 | 50.5 ± 13.9 | <0.001 |
| Moderate or severe mitral regurgitation (grade ≥3/4) | 40 (2) | 13 (2) | 7 (2) | 1 (<1) | 0.387 |
| TAVR approach | <0.001 | ||||
| Transfemoral approach | 1716 (79) | 482 (74) | 281 (71) | 121 (59) | |
| Transapical approach | 283 (13) | 113 (17) | 66 (17) | 44 (22) | |
| Subclavian approach | 116 6) | 28 (4) | 24 (6) | 22 (22) | |
| Other | 62 (3) | 24 (4) | 24 (6) | 17 (8) | |
| Procedural success | 2135 (97) | 627 (97) | 386 (97) | 199 (97) | 0.882 |
| Hospitalization stay, d | 11.3 ± 8.6 | 11.1 ± 8.8 | 11.3 ± 9.3 | 10.9 ± 7.3 | 0.940 |
Abbreviations: AVR, aortic valve replacement; BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; LAD, left anterior coronary artery; LCX, left circumflex artery; LMCA, left main coronary artery; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA, New York Heart Association; RCA, right coronary artery; SD, standard deviation; TAVR, transcatheter aortic valve replacement.
Data are presented as no. (%) or mean ± SD.