Table 1.

Commercially Available NOACs23, 24, 25, 26, 27

	Dabigatran	Rivaroxaban	Apixaban	Edoxaban
Mechanism	Thrombin (Factor II) inhibitor	Factor Xa inhibitor	Factor Xa inhibitor	Factor Xa inhibitor
Bioavailability	7%	>80%	50%	62%
Peak level, h	2–3	3	3–4	1–2
Half‐life, h	12–17	5–13	10–14	10–14
Dosing	150 mg b.i.d.; 110 mg b.i.d.a (75 mg b.i.d. for CrCl 15–30 mL/m)	20 mg daily with food (15 mg for CrCl 15–50 mL/m)	5 mg b.i.d. (2.5 mg b.i.d. if 2 of: Cr >1.5 mg/dL, age >80 years, wt <60 kg)	60 mg daily; CrCl 50–95 mL/m (30 mg for CrCl 15–50 mL/m)
Renal cleared, %	80	36	25	50
Drug interactions	P‐gp inhibitors	CYP3A4 inhibitors and inducers	P‐gp and CYP3A4 inhibitors and inducers	P‐gp inhibitors
Pharmacodynamic monitoring	Ecarin clotting time > thrombin time > aPTT and ACT	Direct Xa activity, PTT mildly prolonged	Direct Xa activity, PTT mildly prolonged	Direct Xa activity, PTT mildly prolonged
When to stop presurgery	≥24 h	≥24 h	≥24 h	≥24 h
Reversal agent	Idarucizumab	Andexanet alfaa	Andexanet alfaa	Andexanet alfaa

Abbreviations: ACT, activated clotting time; aPTT, activated partial prothrombin time; b.i.d., twice daily; Cr, creatinine; CrCl, creatinine clearance; CYP3A4, cytochrome P450 3A4; NOAC, new oral anticoagulant; P‐gp, P‐glycoprotein; PTT, partial prothromboplastin time; wt, weight.

^a Not commercially available in the United States.