Table 2.

Interactions of Rate‐ and Rhythm‐Control Agents With NOACs

Drug	NOAC Adjustment
Verapamil	Dabigatran and edoxaban dose should be reduced, but no dose reduction is required for apixaban or rivaroxaban.
Diltiazem	Dose adjustment required only for rivaroxaban in subjects with renal dysfunction.
Dronedarone	Dabigatran is contraindicated, and edoxaban and rivaroxaban dose should be reduced.
Amiodarone	Patients should receive a reduced rivaroxaban dose in the presence of renal dysfunction.

Abbreviations: NOAC, new oral anticoagulant.