| Methods |
Country: USA
Setting: community
RCT |
| Participants |
143 Latino parents of children aged 1 to 9 who reported smoking at least 6 cigarettes a week |
| Interventions |
Intervention: 6 home and telephone sessions over a 4‐month period delivered by lay trained bicultural and bilingual Latina community health workers. Focused on problem solving aimed at lowering target child's exposure to ETS in the household. Intervention methods included contracting, shaping, positive reinforcement, problem solving, and social support to assist families in achieving their ETS goals.
Control: survey completion only |
| Outcomes |
3‐Month and 12‐month follow‐up:
• Child hair nicotine and cotinine
• Parent report of child's past month exposure from all sources in the household over previous 30 days as measured by numbers of cigarettes
• Confirmed reduction based on both parents' reports and children's hair biomarkers |
| Type of intervention |
Community‐based |
| Notes |
Retention: 127/143 (89%) |
| Risk of bias |
| Bias |
Authors' judgement |
Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) |
Unclear risk |
"randomized"; no further details given |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) |
Unclear risk |
Not specified |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)
All outcomes |
Low risk |
81% provided data at all assessments, "and analyses showed attrition introduced no significant biases". |
| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias)
All outcomes |
Low risk |
Biochemical validation used |
