Comparison 2. Seminal plasma vs standard ART, per‐pregnancy analyses.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Miscarriage	4	277	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.92 [0.54, 1.57]
1.1 Vaginal only	1	96	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.85 [0.26, 2.73]
1.2 Cervical only	0	0	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
1.3 Vaginal and cervical	2	103	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.69 [0.32, 1.51]
1.4 Intrauterine only	1	78	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.48 [0.57, 3.86]
2 Multiple pregnancy	5	370	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.93 [0.69, 1.24]
2.1 Vaginal only	3	168	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.26 [0.79, 1.99]
2.2 Cervical only	0	0	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
2.3 Vaginal and cervical	2	202	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.76 [0.52, 1.11]
2.4 Intrauterine only	0	0	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
3 Ectopic pregnancy	5	277	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.16 [0.15, 8.98]
3.1 Vaginal only	3	168	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.24 [0.06, 26.80]
3.2 Cervical only	0	0	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
3.3 Vaginal and cervical	1	31	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
3.4 Intrauterine only	1	78	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.11 [0.07, 17.09]