Comparison 1. NORADRENERGIC DRUGS vs PLACEBO.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Tardive dyskinesia: 1. No clinically important improvement ‐ short term	1	20	Risk Ratio (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.33 [0.14, 0.80]
1.1 Alpha‐methyldopa	1	20	Risk Ratio (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.33 [0.14, 0.80]
2 Tardive dyskinesia: 2. Not any improvement	2	55	Risk Ratio (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.91 [0.65, 1.27]
2.1 Alpha‐methyldopa ‐ short term	1	20	Risk Ratio (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.33 [0.02, 7.32]
2.2 Celiprolol ‐ medium term	1	35	Risk Ratio (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.92 [0.66, 1.28]
3 Tardive dyskinesia: 3. Deterioration ‐ short term	1	20	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.33 [0.02, 7.32]
3.1 Alpha‐methyldopa	1	20	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.33 [0.02, 7.32]
4 Acceptability of treatment: Leaving the study early ‐ medium term	1	35	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	5.28 [0.27, 102.58]
4.1 Celiprolol	1	35	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	5.28 [0.27, 102.58]
5 Quality of life: No improvement ‐ medium term	1	35	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.87 [0.68, 1.12]
5.1 Celiprolol	1	35	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.87 [0.68, 1.12]