Study	Reason for exclusion
Bartholomew 2011	Study did not meet intervention criteria: Physical activity intervention was a short bout, 3 days of physically active lessons, which is too short to be considered as a lifestyle intervention for treatment of overweight and obesity
Chaya 2012	Study did not meet the control group criteria: The study used a physical activity control arm
Crova 2014	Study did not aim to prevent obesity (this was confirmed by the study authors on correspondence)
Delgado‐Rico 2012b	Study did not meet study design criteria: It followed a non‐randomised, uncontrolled, pre/postintervention design
Donnelly 2009	Study did not report data for children with obesity or overweight and we were not able to obtain the data from the authors
Donnelly 2013	Study did not report data for children with obesity or overweight and we were not able to obtain the data from the authors
Epstein 2000	Study did not meet control group criteria: All experimental groups received family‐based weight management treatment
Gee 2014	Study obtained cognitive outcomes using self‐ or parent‐reported questionnaire
Gentile 2009	Study did not report data for children with obesity or overweight and we were not able to obtain the data from the authors
Goldfield 2012	Study obtained academic outcomes by self‐reported questionnaire
Grieco 2009	Study did not meet study design and intervention criteria: It followed a non‐randomised, uncontrolled, pre/postintervention design and delivered an acute bout intervention
Gunnarsdottir 2012b	Study did not meet study design criteria: It followed a non‐randomised, uncontrolled, pre/postintervention design
Halberstadt 2017	Study did not meet design criteria: It was a single group before‐after trial
Hill 2011	Study measured outcome during the intervention rather than at baseline and at end of intervention
Hillman 2014	Study did not report data for children with obesity or overweight and we were not able to obtain the data from the authors
Hollar 2010	Study did not meet design criteria: It followed a non‐randomised cluster controlled design
Hutson 2008	Unclear whether study included children with obesity or overweight. Outcome data were not separately reported. Author's contact details not obtainable
Leidy 2013	Study measured school achievement and unrelated cognitive domains (appetite control and satiety regulation) using test tools not specified as eligible in this review (functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) brain activation responses)
Milosis 2007	Primary outcome measure of school achievement was assessed through self‐reported grades
Murray 2008	Study did not report data for children with obesity or overweight and we were not able to obtain the data from the authors
Muzaffar 2014	Study obtained cognitive outcomes using self‐ and parent‐reported questionnaire
Naar‐King 2016	Study obtained cognitive outcomes using self‐ or parent‐reported questionnaire
Pentz 2011	Study obtained cognitive outcomes using self‐ or parent‐reported questionnaire
Pesce 2016b	Study did not aim to prevent or treat obesity (this was confirmed by the study authors on correspondence)
Puder 2011	Study did not report data for children with obesity or overweight and we were not able to obtain the data from the authors
Reed 2010	Study did not report data for children with obesity or overweight and we were not able to obtain the data from the authors
Reed 2012	Study did not meet study design criteria: It followed a non‐randomised, pre/postintervention design
Robinson 2010	Primary outcome measure of school achievement was assessed through self‐reported grades
Salmoirago‐Blotcher 2015	Study obtained cognitive outcomes using self‐ or parent‐reported questionnaire
Smith 2015	Study obtained cognitive outcomes using self‐ or parent‐reported questionnaire
Tomporowski 2008	Study did not meet intervention criteria: Physical activity intervention was a short bout, one‐off session of 23 minutes of treadmill walking, which is not considered a lifestyle intervention for treatment of overweight and obesity
Vanhelst 2012	Study did not meet study design criteria: It followed a non‐randomised, uncontrolled, pre/postintervention design
Verbeken 2013	Study did not meet control group and lifestyle intervention criteria: Control group received same lifestyle intervention as intervention group. Intervention group played a computer game to train executive function, which was not considered an adequate lifestyle intervention according to our definition
Vos 2011	Study did not meet the outcome criteria: Cognitive function was assessed as self‐perceived ability
Wong 2016	Study obtained academic outcomes from self‐report