Summary of findings for the main comparison. Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation for coronary heart disease.
| Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation for coronary heart disease | ||||||
| Patient or population: Patients with coronary heart disease Intervention: Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation | ||||||
| Outcomes | No of Participants (Number of studies) | Number of Events / Participants | Risk Ratio (95% CI) |
Statistical Heterogeneity I2 statistic Chi2‐test (P value) |
GRADE Quality of the evidence |
|
| Intervention | Comparator | |||||
| Total mortality (All Studies) | 12455 (47) | 838/6424 | 865/6031 | RR 0.96 [0.88 to 1.04] | 0% (0.58) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ moderate1 |
| Follow‐up of 6 to 12 months | 8800 (29) | 226/4573 | 238/4227 | 0.88 [0.73, 1.05] | 0% (0.82) | |
| Follow‐up of > 12 to 36 months | 6823 (13) | 338/3495 | 417/3328 | 0.89 [0.78, 1.01] | 0% (0.47) | |
| Follow‐up longer than 3 years | 3828 (11) | 476/1902 | 493/1926 | 0.91 [0.75, 1.10] | 35% (0.12) | |
| CV mortality (All Studies) | 7469 (27) | 292/3850 | 375/3619 | RR 0.74 [0.64 to 0.86] | 0% (0.70) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ moderate1 |
| Follow‐up of 6 to 12 months | 4884 (15) | 105/2561 | 107/2323 | 0.90 [0.69, 1.17] | 0% (0.72) | |
| Follow‐up of > 12 to 36 months | 3833 (7) | 199/1971 | 239/1862 | 0.77 [0.63, 0.93] | 5% (0.38) | |
| Follow‐up longer than 3 years | 1392 (8) | 56/690 | 100/702 | 0.58 [0.43, 0.78] | 0% (0.91) | |
| Fatal and/or non‐fatal MI (All Studies) | 9717 (36) | 356/4951 | 387/4766 | RR 0.90 [0.79 to 1.04] | 0% (0.48) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ low1, 2 |
| Follow‐up of 6 to 12 months | 6911 (20) | 126/3543 | 139/3368 | 0.85 [0.67, 1.08] | 0% (0.58) | |
| Follow‐up of > 12 to 36 months | 5644 (11) | 251/2877 | 222/2767 | 1.09 [0.91, 1.29] | 0% (0.72) | |
| Follow‐up longer than 3 years | 1560 (10) | 65/776 | 102/784 | 0.67 [0.50, 0.90] | 0% (0.67) | |
| CABG (All Studies) | 5891 (29) | 208/3021 | 212/2870 | RR 0.96 [0.80 to 1.16] | 0% (0.86) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ moderate1 |
| Follow‐up of 6 to 12 months | 4563 (21) | 123/2351 | 121/2212 | 0.99 [0.77, 1.26] | 0% (0.83) | |
| Follow‐up of > 12 to 36 months | 2755 (8) | 122/1379 | 123/1376 | 0.98 [0.78, 1.25] | 0% (0.93) | |
| Follow‐up longer than 3 years | 675 (4) | 19/333 | 29/342 | 0.66 [0.34, 1.27] | 18% (0.30) | |
| PCI (All Studies) | 4012 (18) | 171/2013 | 197/1999 | RR 0.85 [0.70 to 1.04] | 0% (0.59) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ moderate1 |
| Follow‐up of 6 to 12 months | 3564 (13) | 90/1778 | 99/1786 | 0.92 [0.64, 1.33] | 16% (0.30) | |
| Follow‐up of > 12 to 36 months | 1983 (6) | 114/996 | 116/987 | 0.96 [0.69, 1.35] | 26% (0.24) | |
| Follow‐up longer than 3 years | 567 (3) | 28/281 | 37/286 | 0.76 [0.48, 1.20] | 0% (0.81) | |
| Hospital admissions (All Studies) | 3030 (15) | 407/1556 | 453/1474 | RR 0.82 [0.70 to 0.96] | 34.5% (0.10) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ low1, 2 |
| Follow‐up of 6 to 12 months | 1120 (9) | 82/574 | 116/546 | 0.65 [0.46, 0.92] | 37% (0.14) | |
| Follow‐up of > 12 to 36 months | 1916 (6) | 322/984 | 330/932 | 0.95 [0.84, 1.07] | 0% (0.50) | |
| Follow‐up longer than 3 years | 0 (0) | 0/0 | 0/0 | Not estimable | Not estimable | |
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence High quality: Further research is very unlikely to change our confidence in the estimate of effect. Moderate quality: Further research is likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and may change the estimate. Low quality: Further research is very likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and is likely to change the estimate. Very low quality: We are very uncertain about the estimate. | ||||||
1 Random sequence generation, allocation concealment or blinding of outcome assessors were poorly described in over 50% of included studies; bias likely, therefore quality of evidence downgraded by one level. 2 Funnel Plots and / or Egger test suggest evidence of asymmetry, therefore quality of evidence downgraded by one level.